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In the joyful summer Chadalavada spent with Jayasree, his grandmother in 2018, the pair watched endless movies．Late one evening, Jayasree, who had recently been diagnosed（诊断）with Alzheimer's, got up in her nightdress and went to make tea at her home in India．After she returned to her bedroom, Chadalavada went into the kitchen to find that his grandmother had left the gas on!
Chadalavada decided to invent a wearable device to help people like his grandmother．Now aged 17, Chadalavada is ready to start making the Alpha Monitor．The device, which can be worn as an armband, sets off an alarm when the wearer with Alzheimer's starts to move and warns a caregiver if the patient falls or wanders off．
Most similar devices run on Wi-Fi or Bluetooth, so when a person moves out of their frequencies' limited range the connection is lost and with it the monitoring．But the Alpha Monitor can detect a person more than a mile away in cities and three miles in the countryside thanks to the long-range technology, known as LoRa, it uses．
Teaching himself with YouTube videos about robotics and electronics, Chadalavada has developed several prototypes（模型）．To understand the needs of people with Alzheimer's, he spent time in a day centre run by the Alzheimer's and Related Disorders Society of India．There, the co-founder told him that the device "had to be something light that can be worn on any part of the body"．She says: "Many patients don't like having to wear a watch and they take it off."
In March, when Chadalavada's school exams are over, he will put the finishing touches to the monitor, with the aim of getting the device ready for market by September．He is confident that it should be sold at an affordable price for most people．
Chadalavada hopes to study robotics at a university abroad．His aim is simple: "I want to create products to help people in India for the whole world."
The impact of technology on language is a topic that often causes concern, with many assuming that it is simply ruining it．However, language experts resist such pessimism, noting that there is little evidence to support the view that speech is getting worse．Gretchen McCulloch, in her book Because Internet, focuses on what can be learned about language from the internet rather than talking about its supposed negative effects．
McCulloch compares studying language online to growing bacteria（细菌）in a Petri dish, where trends emerge and disappear quickly, allowing language experts to observe changes that would otherwise take a considerable amount of time．The influence of strong ties like friends or family vs weaker ties on language change is analyzed, with computer simulations（模拟）revealing that having both strong and weaker ties helps spread updates in a community．
The role of social media platforms in language change is also discussed．Twitter, with its mix of strong and weak ties, is shown to drive more language change than Facebook, which is controlled by stronger ties．Emoji is highlighted as a universal digital expression of gestures, not a language．Additionally, there is evidence that the use of internet "innovations" such as "omg" dates back to pre-computer eras．
McCulloch's book focuses on the birth of a new medium rather than a new language．The rise of mass writing on the internet, characterized by frequent, error-filled, and short-lived communication, challenges traditional ideas about writing's importance．McCulloch suggests future historians should see this as a return to more casual（随意的）language, paying more attention to the value of tools that improve social interaction online．The book argues against the idea that these changes might lead to the end of "real" writing, advocating for an appreciation of anything that enhances human connect ion and the enjoyment of each other's company．
Bottled water has long been marketed as a safe drink—if it doesn't come straight from a mountain spring, it's at least clean and free of chemicals．But a new study demonstrates that bottled water may not be so safe when it comes to microscopic plastic pollutants capable of passing into the bloodstream．
For years scientists have raised the alarm over microplastics, which form when plastics break down into increasingly smaller particles（微粒）, ranging from five millimeters down to one micrometer．Previous studies have found that a liter of bottled water can contain tens of thousands of identifiable plastic particles．But they stopped at the one micrometer level due to technological restrictions．
The study used a new technology to find even smaller particles, and detected an average 240,000 plastic particles per liter of bottled water．About 90% of the particles were considered nanoplastics, smaller than one micrometer. Unlike microplastics, they are capable of passing through some organs like lungs into the bloodstream．From there they can stay in the heart muscle and other organs, pass into the brain, and even into the bodies of unborn babies．
So far, little research shows what nanoplastics exactly do once they enter the bloodstream．But there is much evidence that chemicals used in plastic production are bad for human health．Even if nanoplastics themselves are not deleterious, they can serve as carriers for the dangerous chemicals, increasing the risk of cancer and impacting key organs such as the heart．
"There is a huge world of nanoplastics to be studied," said the researchers．Even if nanoplastics make up 90% of the number of plastic particles found in bottled water, they make up far less in mass, they said．However, this fact provides little comfort: It's the numbers rather than mass that matter, and the smaller things are, the more readily they can get inside us．
The art of learning how to think
Learning how to think is really the whole point of going to university because it is one of the few periods in your life when you get time to do it．
Like any skill, successful thinking takes practice．The more time you spend thinking and the more ideas you come up with, the more likely it is that some of them will be good ones．___ Your thinking will never improve if it consists entirely of thinking how much of a failure you are．
___ Geniuses generally come up with their brilliant innovations by thinking about a subject in lots of different ways and establishing connections between apparently different ideas．On the other hand, there are times when you need to know what you are supposed to be thinking about and why, and to stay reasonably focused．
If you are having trouble thinking, it may be because you lack another skill that would make it easier．It could be that you don't have a wide enough vocabulary to put your thoughts into words．___ If you share a house with violinists and pianists, you may have trouble hearing yourself think．
One way to sharpen this skill is to think critically about what other people are thinking．Thinking is not always something that needs to be done alone．___ So, if your housemates ever abandon their instruments, engage them in conversation, look for holes in their arguments, and explain your own．
If you get really good at thinking while at university, you may be able to think of a way to carry that on．___
A．Proper thinking is about creating an argument．
B．It enables us to become more independent thinkers．
C．If they're all rubbish, try not to keep thinking about it．
D．And thus it saves you actually doing anything once you leave．
E．You may also be in the wrong environment for productive thought．
F．Having a one-track mind won't improve your power of thinking anyway．
G．In fact, communicating your thoughts can help to develop and clarify them．
I used to stutter（口吃）quite badly．I felt very 1 , like I was less of a human being．
I didn't have any 2 when I left special school．So I got a job as a trainee hotel porter．I enjoyed it because I was meeting new people and earning my own 3 ．I felt like a proper adult．But the other men 4 me mentally because of my disability．They'd imitate（模仿）me 5 because of my speech impediment（障碍）．I got very down．I was 6 inside．
The stepping stone to self-belief for me was 7 I got help from KeyRing—an organization which helps disabled people to live 8 ．I couldn't write very well, but I could 9 that．Apps on computers meant I could dictate（口授）my emails．I got the government 10 for disabled people in work．It paid for me to help with paperwork two mornings a week．
11 I heard about a job going at the human rights charity CHANGE．I got an 12 that got me the job of international project consultant．I travel all over the world to 13 professionals to work better with people with learning disabilities．This builds my 14 ．I lost my stutter in the end．
My learning disability was a bit of me, but it doesn't 15 me．It's just a label people put on me．It hasn't stopped me having a life．
What did you have for dinner Tuesday night of last week? If someone ___（ask）you that question Wednesday morning, you would ___（possible）have had no problem recalling what you had for dinner the night before．
But as days pass, the memories of all the other meals you ___（eat）since then start to interfere（干扰）with your memory of that one particular meal．This is a good example of ___ psychologists call the interference theory of forgetting．Forgetting is the result of ___（vary）memories interfering with one another．The more similar two or more events are ___ one another, the more likely interference will occur．
Getting rid of interference altogether is impossible, but there are a few things you can do to minimize its effects．One of the best things you can do is rehearse（排练）new information in order to better commit it to memory．In fact, many experts recommend overlearning important information, ___ involves rehearsing the material over and over again until it can be reproduced perfectly with no errors．Another strategy for fighting interference is to switch up your routine and avoid ___（study）similar material back to back．Sleep also plays an essential role in memory ___（form）．Sleeping after you learn something new is ___ efficient way to turn new memories into lasting ones．
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。
Dear Readers, …… Warm regards, Li Hua Editor-in-chief |
I worked at a local station of the Berlin fire department．We got an alert（警报）around 8:25 pm that Friday and rushed to the fire engine, where the printout from the dispatcher（调度员）said there was a nine-year-old boy locked in a safe．
I asked myself: if it were a safe, would it be airtight? I was aware that it might already be too late by the time we arrived．I had to plan for a bad outcome．On the other hand, if we were in time, how long would it take us to open the safe? I knew it would be an incredibly difficult task．It's what safes are designed for—not to be opened．
It took less than five minutes to reach the property．When I saw a woman crying on the street, I knew the situation was serious．She was the boy's mother and she led us into the basement．She told us the boy was alive and we started talking to him; he was very calm．We asked how it had happened: during a game of hide and seek with his five-year-old brother, he had thought the safe would be a good place to hide．
The boy's parents had got the house from his mother's father．The unlocked safe had been there when they moved in and was in an area they didn't use much．The boy's little brother had shut the safe, then, when he couldn't open it again．The only person who knew the combination was the boy's late grandfather．
From the outset, the biggest priority was getting oxygen to the boy．We got oxygen from the hospital．The boy said that he could feel a thin stream of air．I asked his parents if anyone had opened the safe before and they said no．So we had to guess a six-digit code（密码）．We started typing them in—but we had to wait 10 minutes between each attempt before we could try again． So quickly we tried them all．No luck．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。
We were fully prepared at this point to open the safe by force, starting with a drill． …… Then, just as we started to make the first cut, my workmate typed in the correct code． |